Existing workloads among managers and healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Meanings in the Amazon context.

INTRODUCTION: The global COVID-19 pandemic has increased the concern and risks of health professionals exposed by acting on the front lines in combating and controlling the spread of the virus. This study aims at analyzing the workloads and their implications for the activities carried out by managers and health workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. METHOD: This is a qualitative study, of the case study type, that integrates a macro research that deals with the experiences built during the confrontation of the pandemic of COVID-19 in the capital of the state of Amazonas, Brazil, the epicenter of the pandemic in the country. Data production resorted to documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews with 56 managers or professionals from the Manaus Health Care Network. The analytical process was supported by the resources of the Atlas.ti 8.0 software and the precepts of Thematic Networks analysis. RESULTS: The thematic network "workloads" brought together three topics related to the experience of psychological, physiological and biological loads. Psychological workloads were strongly present in the work routine, being referred to in a more significant way. The sources that increase them are strongly related to work stress, dealing with suffering and death and excess demand on the service. Physiological loads were related to excessive working hours, staff shortages and activity overload. "Biological burdens" include exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, constant contact with infected individuals, and individual protection as key elements of this set. CONCLUSION: The study showed that both managers and workers have work processes and environments with conditions that tend to generate workloads that harm their health and safety, as well as institutions and patient care. Therefore, there is a need for more effective organizational actions in workers' health surveillance, disease prevention, adequate working conditions, reducing workloads and promoting more resolute and less stressful work environments.

Evidências científicas acerca da doação e cuidados na coleta de leite humano em domicílio / Scientific evidence about donation and precautions in the collection of human milk at home

Objetivo: Sintetizar evidências na literatura científica acerca da doação e cuidados na coleta de leite humano em domicílio. Métodos: Revisão integrativa que teve como questão de pesquisa: quais cuidados devem ser realizados por doadoras de leite humano durante a coleta domiciliar? Através de descritores, foram realizadas buscas nas bibliotecas MedLine, LILACS e SciELO. O período dos estudos selecionados foi de 2017 a 2020. Resultados: Foram incluídos 11 artigos. As categorias que emergiram foram: a informação sobre a doação de leite começa no pré-natal e se estende ao domicílio; limites a superar quanto à coleta de leite humano; mitos e verdades sobre doação de leite humano. A síntese dos achados permitiu identificar um conjunto deaspectos que precisam ser considerados no agir cuidativo durante as orientações da coleta de leite humano. Conclusão: Ainformação sobre a doação de leite humano precisa ser uma estratégia transversal, do pré-natal ao domicílio. Os cuidados na coleta envolvem tanto o ambiente e condições da doadora quanto a ordenha em si e o acondicionamento do leite coletado. Descritores:Banco de leite. Aleitamento materno. Compartilhamento de leite. Leite humano.

Objective: To synthesize evidence in the scientific literature about donation and precautions in the collection of human milk at home.Methods: Integrative review whose research question was: what precautions should be taken by human milk donors during home collection? Through descriptors, searches were performed in MedLine, LILACS and SciELO libraries. The period of selected studies was from 2017 to 2020. Results: 11 articles were included. The categories that emerged were: information on milk donation begins in prenatal care and extends to the home; limits to be overcome regarding the collection of human milk; myths and truths about human milk donation. The synthesis of the findings allowed usto identify a set of aspects that need to be considered in the care action during the guidelines for the collection of human milk. Conclusion: Information on human milk donation needs to be a transversal strategy, from prenatal care to home. Precautions during the collection involves both the environment and conditions of the donor as well as the milking itself and the packaging of the collected milk. Descriptors:Milk bank. Breast feeding. Milk sharing. Human milk.

Technical-assistance arrangements in coping with the COVID-19 pandemic from the managers' perspective. / Arranjos tecnoassistenciais no enfrentamento da pandemia da COVID-19 na perspectiva de gestores.

OBJECTIVE: to describe the technical-assistance arrangements developed within the scope of work management in the COVID-19 pandemic care network, from the managers' perspective. METHOD: a qualitative research study, of the incorporated single case type, conducted with 23 managers of a Health Care Network. The analysis was applied in two thematic coding cycles, with the aid of the ATLAS.ti software. RESULTS: the arrangements were analyzed in categories related to health care; management; incorporation of technologies; implementation of a field hospital; and retrospective analysis of the experiences as a whole. There was emphasis on the implementation of care flows, virtual health bulletins, Telemonitoring, chatbots, use of applications, and implementation of field hospitals and of basic urgency services within the scope of the Basic Health Units. Hyperjudicialization in the system was identified; as well as weaknesses in information management, intersectoriality and technical-political leadership at the national level; the role of nurses in management positions and for coping with the pandemic. CONCLUSION: despite the health services' unpreparedness to face the pandemic, the actors' resilience promoted dynamism and technical-assistance arrangements in the context of management and humanized care. The study has a potential to contribute to the qualification of the public policy management and development practices.

Arranjos tecnoassistenciais no enfrentamento da pandemia da COVID-19 na perspectiva de gestores / Technical-assistance arrangements in coping with the COVID-19 pandemic from the managers' perspective / Preparativos tecnoasistenciales para enfrentar la pandemia de COVID-19 desde la perspectiva de los gestores

Resumo Objetivo: descrever os arranjos tecnoassistenciais desenvolvidos no âmbito da gestão do trabalho na rede de atenção à pandemia de COVID-19, na perspectiva de gestores. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo caso único incorporado, com 23 gestores de uma Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Análise aplicada em dois ciclos de codificação temática, com o auxílio do software ATLAS.ti. Resultados: os arranjos foram analisados em categorias vinculadas à: atenção à saúde; gestão; incorporação de tecnologias; implantação de hospital de campanha; e análise retrospectiva das experiências como um todo. Houve destaque para a implantação de fluxo de atendimentos, boletins de saúde virtuais, telemonitoramento, chatbots, uso de aplicativos, implantação de hospitais de campanha e da urgência básica no âmbito de Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Identificou-se a hiperjudicialização no sistema; fragilidades na gestão das informações, intersetorialidade e condução técnico-política em âmbito nacional; o protagonismo dos enfermeiros em cargos de gestão e para o enfrentamento da pandemia. Conclusão: apesar do despreparo dos serviços de saúde para o enfrentamento da pandemia, a resiliência dos atores promoveu dinamicidade e arranjos tecnoassistenciais no âmbito da gestão e do cuidado humanizado. O estudo tem potencial contribuição para qualificação das práticas de gestão e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas.

Abstract Objective: to describe the technical-assistance arrangements developed within the scope of work management in the COVID-19 pandemic care network, from the managers' perspective. Method: a qualitative research study, of the incorporated single case type, conducted with 23 managers of a Health Care Network. The analysis was applied in two thematic coding cycles, with the aid of the ATLAS.ti software. Results: the arrangements were analyzed in categories related to health care; management; incorporation of technologies; implementation of a field hospital; and retrospective analysis of the experiences as a whole. There was emphasis on the implementation of care flows, virtual health bulletins, Telemonitoring, chatbots, use of applications, and implementation of field hospitals and of basic urgency services within the scope of the Basic Health Units. Hyperjudicialization in the system was identified; as well as weaknesses in information management, intersectoriality and technical-political leadership at the national level; the role of nurses in management positions and for coping with the pandemic. Conclusion: despite the health services' unpreparedness to face the pandemic, the actors' resilience promoted dynamism and technical-assistance arrangements in the context of management and humanized care. The study has a potential to contribute to the qualification of the public policy management and development practices.

Resumen Objetivo: describir los preparativos tecnoasistenciales que se desarrollaron en el ámbito de la gestión del trabajo en la red de atención de la pandemia de COVID-19, desde la perspectiva de los gestores. Método: investigación cualitativa, del tipo caso único incorporado, con 23 gestores de una Red de Atención de Salud. Análisis aplicado en dos ciclos de codificación temática, con ayuda del software ATLAS.ti. Resultados: los preparativos fueron analizados en categorías relacionadas con: la atención de la salud; la administración; la incorporación de tecnologías; la implementación de un hospital de campaña; y el análisis retrospectivo de las experiencias en general. Se destacaron la implementación del flujo de atención, los boletines virtuales de salud, el telemonitoreo, los chatbots, el uso de aplicaciones, la implementación de hospitales de campaña y emergencias básicas en el ámbito de las Unidades Básicas de Salud. Se identificaron la hiperjudicialización en el sistema; las debilidades en la gestión de la información, la intersectorialidad y conducción técnico-política a nivel nacional; el protagonismo de los enfermeros en cargos de gestión y para hacer frente a la pandemia. Conclusión: a pesar de la falta de preparación de los servicios de salud para enfrentar la pandemia, la resiliencia de los actores promovió el dinamismo y los preparativos tecnoasistenciales en el ámbito de la gestión y de la atención humanizada. El estudio tiene una contribución potencial para la calificación de las prácticas de gestión y el desarrollo de políticas públicas.

Health work in the context of a pandemic: For a research agenda.

INTRODUCTION: The emergence of a pandemic highlights the translational demands regarding science. This communication aims to propose theoretical-methodological elements for research on health work in pandemic context. METHODS: This reflective essay sets an framework for a research project on health work in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. RESULTS: Three axes or subsidies are presented: the construction of work environments as an analytical component, the approach of ergology as a potential and the centrality of the experiences of the worker-subject. CONCLUSIONS: New health care challenges require attention to what workers have to say about their forms of confrontation and translation of knowledge.

Health work in the context of a pandemic: For a research agenda

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The emergence of a pandemic highlights the translational demands regarding science. This communication aims to propose theoretical-methodological elements for research on health work in pandemic context. METHODS: This reflective essay sets an framework for a research project on health work in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. RESULTS: Three axes or subsidies are presented: the construction of work environments as an analytical component, the approach of ergology as a potential and the centrality of the experiences of the worker-subject. CONCLUSIONS: New health care challenges require attention to what workers have to say about their forms of confrontation and translation of knowledge.